In the world of motors, three-phase asynchronous motors are undoubtedly “model” players, widely active in factories, machinery, fans, pumps and other fields, quietly output power. And in its internal, there are two key players - stator and rotor. So, how exactly do these two division of labor?

1. Stator: stable as a mountain shell to bear

First to recognize the stator. Stator, as the name suggests, is a “fixed” immobile guy. It consists of a stator core, stator windings and base, responsible for receiving external input of three-phase alternating current, and create a high-speed internal rotating magnetic field, commonly known as the “rotating magnetic field”.

Common sense, the stator is like a DJ, crazy electromagnetic field beat, let the magnetic field around it in circles, and it is as stable as a mountain, motionless. Its task is to create a magnetic field to stimulate the rotor into working condition.

2. rotor: with the flow of the “runner”

With the stator as a DJ with the rhythm, the rotor must naturally follow the dance. The rotor is located inside the stator, usually by the rotor core, guide bar (squirrel cage) or winding (wire-wound) and shaft composition.

Due to the rotating magnetic field of the stator, an electric current is induced inside the rotor, which creates an electromagnetic force and begins to rotate. But! There is a key point here: it can never catch up with the magnetic field of the stator, and is always a little bit “slower”, which is the mystery of “asynchrony”. If it really can catch up, then the motor will lose the driving force, equal to a waste of work.

You can imagine the rotor as a late athlete, always catching up with the race leader (rotating magnetic field), but in any case, it is a little bit short of catching up, can never catch up, only to maintain a stable “slow half a beat” rhythm. 3.

3. Who is the hero behind the scenes?

The stator is responsible for creating the magnetic field, and the rotor is responsible for rotating the power output, both are indispensable. So the question is - who is the soul of the three-phase asynchronous motor?

Some say it is the stator, because it creates the rotating magnetic field, without which nothing can be said.

Others say it is the rotor, because the final mechanical energy is its output, without it, the motor is just an “electromagnetic field generator”, and will not really turn up.

In fact, this is like a band, the stator is the lead singer, responsible for the main theme, and the rotor is the drummer, providing power rhythm. Without the lead singer, the song has no one to carry the rhythm; without the drummer, the rhythm is all messed up. Therefore, the stator and rotor is the absolute golden partner, who can not leave who.

Summarize

Stator is the manufacturer of rotating magnetic field, responsible for stabilizing the output; rotor is the power executor, inducing current and rotating. One of them is as stable as Mount Tai, one of them goes with the flow, and together they form the core mechanism of the three-phase asynchronous motor.

The next time you see a motor spinning, think about this pair of golden partners - one behind the scenes with the magnetic field to control the overall situation, one in front of the stage to try to catch up, the output power, together to promote the world running!